Se sprašujete, ali sladkorna bolezen tipa 2 ogroža vaše srce in ledvice? Izpolnite test ocene tveganja.

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starejša ženska, vrtnarjenje, obvladovanje sladkorne bolezni tipa 2, Act4Diabetes

O sladkorni bolezni tipa 2

V Evropi ima sladkorno bolezen približno 60 milijonov ljudi. Razširjenost sladkorne bolezni v Evropi narašča v vseh starostnih skupinah večinoma zaradi porasta števila ljudi s prekomerno telesno težo in debelostjo ter zaradi nezdrave prehrane in pomanjkanja fizične aktivnosti.1

Pričakujemo, da bo do leta 2045 imela sladkorno bolezen ena izmed devetih oseb. Sladkorna bolezen tipa 2 je najpogostejša oblika sladkorne bolezni, saj predstavlja 90 odstotkov vseh primerov.2

Sladkorna bolezen je kronična bolezen, pri kateri telo ne zmore proizvajati inzulina oziroma ne more učinkovito uporabiti inzulina, ki ga proizvaja, kar vodi v povišanje vrednosti glukoze (sladkorja) v krvi (znano tudi kot hiperglikemija).2

Nekateri zgodnji simptomi sladkorne bolezni tipa 2 vključujejo spremembe parametrov, ko se vrednosti gibljejo izven normalnega območja, kot sta hipoglikemija in hiperglikemija.3

Kadar so vrednosti glukoze dolgo časa povišane, lahko to povzroči zaplete pri drugih organih in delih telesa, npr. naslednje: 2

srčno popuščanje, kardiovaskularni sistem, motnje v delovanju organov, obvladovanje sladkorne bolezni tipa 2, Act4Diabetes

Srčno-žilna bolezen
 

Preberite več
ledvice, kronična ledvična bolezen, motnje v delovanju organov, obvladovanje sladkorne bolezni tipa 2, Act4Diabetes

Ledvična bolezen
 

Preberite več
očesna bolezen, zapleti na posameznih delih telesa, obvladovanje sladkorne bolezni tipa 2, Act4Diabetes

Očesna bolezen

oralno zdravje, zapleti z zobmi, obvladovanje sladkorne bolezni tipa 2, Act4Diabetes

Zdravje ustne votline

poškodbe živcev, zapleti z živci, obvladovanje sladkorne bolezni tipa 2, Act4Diabetes

Poškodbe živcev

stopalo, obvladovanje sladkorne bolezni tipa 2, Act4Diabetes

Diabetično stopalo 

Številni ljudje v zgodnjih fazah sladkorne bolezni tipa 2 ne kažejo nobenih simptomov.4 Če ste v dvomih, se o svojih morebitnih pomislekih pogovorite s svojim zdravnikom. Dobra novica je, da lahko sprejmete ukrepe za preprečevanje ali zamik pri razvoju zapletov zaradi sladkorne bolezni tipa 2. 

Medtem preverite seznam simptomov in se prepričajte, da ste seznanjeni s potencialnimi znaki sladkorne bolezni tipa 2.

Prenesite brošuro s seznamom simptomov sladkorne bolezni tipa 2

Okrajšave:

  • T2D: sladkorna bolezen tipa 2; CVD: srčno-žilna bolezen; CKD: kronična ledvična bolezen

Viri:

  1. World Health Organization, Regional office for Europe, Data and statistics, page 1, https://www.euro.who.int/en/health-topics/noncommunicable-diseases/diabetes/data-and-statistics (Dostopano August 2021)
  2. International Diabetes Federation IDF Diabetes Atlas, Brussels, Belgium: International Diabetes Federation; 2021, 10th edition. Pages 7,12,19
  3. Classification and Diagnosis of Diabetes: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2022, American Diabetes Association, Diabetes Care 2022 Jan; Diabetes Care 2022;45(Supplement_1):S17–S38
  4. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Type 2 Diabetes, Last Reviewed May 2017, page 2 https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/diabetes/overview/what-is-diabetes/type-2-diabetes
  5. National Kidney Foundation. The Heart and Kidney Connection. (Dostopano August 2021). 1 p. https://www.kidney.org/atoz/content/heart-and-kidney-connection
  6. Giugliano, D et al. Cardiovasc Diabetol (2021) 20:36. The residual cardiorenal risk in type 2 diabetes. 2 p. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12933-021-01229-2
  7. Giugliano G, et al. Glycemic control, preexisting cardiovascular disease, and risk of major cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: systematic review with meta-analysis of Cardiovascular Outcome Trials and Intensive Glucose Control Trials. J Am Heart Assoc. 2019;8:e012356.
  8. John Hopkins Medicine. Diabetes and Heart Disease. What causes cardiovascular disease? (Dostopano December 2021). 2 p. https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/diabetes/diabetes-and-heart-disease
  9. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Diabetic Kidney Disease. What is diabetic kidney disease? (Dostopano December 2021). 1 p. https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/diabetes/overview/preventing-problems/diabetic-kidney-disease
  10. Liu M et al. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2014 Oct;18(19):2918-26. Cardiovascular disease and its relationship with chronic kidney disease. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25339487/
  11. Einarson et al. Cardiovasc Diabetol (2018) Jun 8;17 Prevalence of cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes: a systematic literature review of scientific evidence from across the world in 2007-2017
  12. Centers for Disease and Prevention. Diabetes and Your Heart. What is heart disease? https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/library/features/diabetes-and-heart.html
  13. Kenny H et al. Heart Failure in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (2019). Circulation Research Available at: https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.118.311371
  14. Familydoctor.org. Symptoms of diabetes. (Dostopano December 2021). https://familydoctor.org/condition/diabetes/
  15. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Your Kidneys & How They Work. June 2018. https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/kidney-disease/kidneys-how-they-work
  16. American Kidney Fund. Heart Disease & chronic kidney disease (CKD). (Dostopano December 2021). https://www.kidneyfund.org/kidney-disease/chronic-kidney-disease-ckd/complications/heart-disease/
  17. Centers of Disease Control and Prevention. Chronic Kidney Disease Basics. (Dostopano August 2021). https://www.cdc.gov/kidneydisease/basics.html
  18. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. High Blood Pressure & Kidney Disease. (Dostopano December 2021). https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/kidney-disease/high-blood-pressure
  19. American Heart Association. Prevention and Treatment of High Cholesterol (Hyperlipidemia). (Dostopano September 2021). https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/cholesterol/prevention-and-treatment-of-high-cholesterol-hyperlipidemia
  20. National Kidney Foundation. Smoking and your health. December 2021 https://www.kidney.org/atoz/content/smoking
  21. National Kidney Foundation. How Does My Weight Affect My Risk for Kidney Disease? January 2017. https://www.kidney.org/content/how-does-my-weight-affect-my-risk-kidney-disease
  22. American Kidney Fund. Kidney diet and foods for chronic kidney disease (CKD). (Dostopano September 2021) https://www.kidneyfund.org/kidney-disease/chronic-kidney-disease-ckd/kidney-friendly-diet-for-ckd.html
  23. National Kidney Federation. Let’s get active. Available at: https://www.kidney.org.uk/lets-get-active-exercise-for-kidney-patients
  24. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease. Heart Disease & Kidney Disease (Dostopano December 2021) https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/kidney-disease/heart-disease
  25. Ducat L et al. “The mental health comorbidities of diabetes.” JAMA vol. 312,7 (2014): 691-2. doi:10.1001/jama.2014.8040
  26. Mental Health America. Diabetes and Mental Health. https://mhanational.org/diabetes-and-mental-health
  27. Kidney Health Australia. How to check your kidneys. 2020. https://kidney.org.au/your-kidneys/know-your-kidneys/know-the-risk-factors/kidney-health-check